by Andrew Glikson Despite of deceptively-claimed mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in parts of the world, ongoing burning of domestic and exported fossil fuels world-wide continues to change the composition of the atmosphere, enriching it in greenhouse gases by yet another ~2 ppm CO ₂ ( 2022: 418.95 ppm ; CH₄: 1915 ppb; N ₂0 : 337 ppb), reaching levels commensurate with those of the Miocene (23.03 to 5.333 Ma) at rise rates exceeding any in the geological record of the last 66 million years ( Glikson, 2020 ) (Figure 1). Figure 1. Global 1880-2021 annual average temperatures (adapted by UCAR from ClimateCentral ). Since 1880 mean global temperatures rose at a rate of 0.08°C per decade, from 1981 by 0.18°C per decade and more when emitted aerosols are accounted for (Hansen et al., in Berwyn, 2022 ). According to Will Steffen , Australia’s leading climate scientist “there was already a chance we have triggered a global tipping cascade that would take us to a...