I've heard versions of this "increasing confidence" aphorism for years, but recently wondered it came from. This seems to be its source - A Skeptic's Medical Dictionary , by Michael O'Donnell : Clinical experience. Making the same mistakes with increasing confidence over an impressive number of years. Evidence-based medicine. Perpetuating other people's mistakes instead of your own. (Cited in The Lancet - and see the book review in The BMJ .) Shrikant Kalegaonkar pointed out that Oscar Wilde said something similar - and it is as exquisite as you would expect. It's here, in his 1890 The Picture of Dorian Gray : He began to wonder whether we could ever make psychology so absolute a science that each little spring of life would be revealed to us. As it was, we always misunderstood ourselves and rarely understood others. Experience was of no ethical value. It was merely the name men gave to their mistakes. Moralists had, as a rule, regard...